Go to content Go to navigation and search

Home

Current SQL Server Blog Articles


Search

Browse

RSS / Atom

Email me

textpattern

Creative Commons License
All Blog Articles, Data Models and Free Source Code by Simon Greener, The SpatialDB Advisor is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

Extract Polygons from result of STIntersection in SQL Server Spatial

Tuesday January 03 2012 at 17:15

KeywordsExtractPolygon Polygon Extract SQL Server Spatial STIntersection GeometryCollection
Summary

A function is presented that allows a user to extract only the polygon geometries in a GeometryCollection that might result from an StIntersection between two geometry polygons.

Oracle customers have asked me for help in the past dealing with compound objects or collections that result from thinning or geoprocessing (intersection etc) of geometry data.

Normally this is the need to extract only polygons from the result of an intersection operation.

This problem applies to SQL Server Spatial users are the following example will show.

The solution to the problem is to process the result of an operation and extract out only those geometric elements that are required.

In a previous blog I created a function called STExtract that allows a user to extract the parts of elements of a multi or single geometry depending on what is required.

This function is the basis for a new function called STExtractPolygon that can be used to extract only the polygon elements of a GeometryCollection that could result from an STIntersection between two polygon geometries.

  1. USE [GISDB] -- Change this to your database
  2. GO
  3. -- Drop if exists
  4. --
  5. DROP   FUNCTION dbo.STExtractPolygon;
  6. -- Now create
  7. --
  8. CREATE FUNCTION dbo.STExtractPolygon(@p_geometry geometry)
  9. RETURNS geometry
  10. AS
  11. BEGIN
  12.   DECLARE
  13.      @v_geom geometry;
  14.   BEGIN
  15.     IF ( @p_geometry IS NULL )
  16.       RETURN NULL;
  17.     IF ( @p_geometry.STGeometryType() NOT IN ('CurvePolygon','Polygon','MultiPolygon','GeometryCollection') )
  18.     RETURN NULL;
  19.   IF ( @p_geometry.STGeometryType() IN ('CurvePolygon','Polygon','MultiPolygon') )
  20.     RETURN @p_geometry;
  21.   IF ( @p_geometry.STGeometryType() IN ('GeometryCollection') )
  22.   BEGIN
  23.     -- Need to extract and append any polygons that may be in the GeometryCollection
  24.     --
  25.       SELECT @v_geom = geometry::CollectionAggregate(e.[geom])
  26.         FROM dbo.STExtract(@p_geometry,0) AS e
  27.      WHERE e.[geom].STGeometryType() IN ('CurvePolygon','Polygon');
  28.     IF ( @v_geom IS NOT NULL AND @v_geom.STNumGeometries() > 0 )
  29.     BEGIN
  30.       IF ( @v_geom.STNumGeometries() = 1 )
  31.       BEGIN
  32.       -- Get rid of GeometryCollection WKT token wrapper
  33.       --
  34.           SET @v_geom = geometry::STGeomFromText(REPLACE(REPLACE(@v_geom.STAsText(),'GEOMETRYCOLLECTION (','')+'$',')$',''),@v_geom.STSrid);
  35.       END
  36.     ELSE
  37.       BEGIN
  38.       IF ( CHARINDEX('CURVEPOLYGON',@v_geom.STAsText()) = 0 )
  39.       BEGIN
  40.              -- Replace all internal POLYGON WKT tokens with nothing
  41.          -- Then replace starting GeometryCollection token with MultiPolygon
  42.          --
  43.            SET @v_geom = geometry::STGeomFromText(REPLACE(REPLACE(UPPER(@v_geom.STAsText()),'POLYGON',''),'GEOMETRYCOLLECTION','MULTIPOLYGON'),@v_geom.STSrid);
  44.       END;
  45.       END;
  46.     END;
  47.   END;
  48.   RETURN @v_geom;
  49.   END;
  50. END
  51. GO

Now some testing…

  1. -- All these return null as they should
  2. --
  3. SELECT dbo.STExtractPolygon(geometry::STGeomFromText('POINT(0 0)',0)).STAsText() AS ePoly UNION ALL
  4. SELECT dbo.STExtractPolygon(geometry::STGeomFromText('MULTIPOINT((0 0),(20 0))',0)).STAsText() AS ePoly UNION ALL
  5. SELECT dbo.STExtractPolygon(geometry::STGeomFromText('LINESTRING(0 0,20 0,20 20,0 20,0 0)',0)).STAsText() AS ePoly UNION ALL
  6. SELECT dbo.STExtractPolygon(geometry::STGeomFromText('MULTILINESTRING((0 0,20 0,20 20,0 20,0 0),(10 10,10 11,11 11,11 10,10 10),(5 5,5 7,7 7,7 5,5 5))',0)).STAsText() AS ePoly;

As they do….

ePoly
NULL
NULL
NULL
NULL
  1. -- These should return themselves
  2. --
  3. SELECT dbo.STExtractPolygon(geometry::STGeomFromText('POLYGON((0 0,20 0,20 20,0 20,0 0),(10 10,10 11,11 11,11 10,10 10),(5 5,5 7,7 7,7 5,5 5))',0)).STAsText() AS ePoly UNION ALL
  4. SELECT dbo.STExtractPolygon(geometry::STGeomFromText('MULTIPOLYGON (((80 80, 100 80, 100 100, 80 100, 80 80)), ((110 110, 150 110, 150 150, 110 150, 110 110)))',0)).STAsText() AS ePoly UNION ALL
  5. SELECT dbo.STExtractPolygon(geometry::STGeomFromText('MULTIPOLYGON (((0 0,20 0,20 20,0 20,0 0),(10 10,10 11,11 11,11 10,10 10),(5 5,5 7,7 7,7 5,5 5)), ((80 80, 100 80, 100 100, 80 100, 80 80)), ((110 110, 150 110, 150 150, 110 150, 110 110)))',0)).STAsText() AS ePoly UNION ALL
  6. SELECT dbo.STExtractPolygon(geometry::STGeomFromText('CURVEPOLYGON(COMPOUNDCURVE((0 -23.43778, 0 23.43778),CIRCULARSTRING(0 23.43778, -45 23.43778, -90 23.43778),(-90 23.43778, -90 -23.43778),CIRCULARSTRING(-90 -23.43778, -45 -23.43778, 0 -23.43778)))',0)).STAsText() AS ePoly;

As they do….

ePoly
POLYGON ((0 0, 20 0, 20 20, 0 20, 0 0), (10 10, 10 11, 11 11, 11 10, 10 10), (5 5, 5 7, 7 7, 7 5, 5 5))
MULTIPOLYGON (((80 80, 100 80, 100 100, 80 100, 80 80)), ((110 110, 150 110, 150 150, 110 150, 110 110)))
MULTIPOLYGON (((0 0, 20 0, 20 20, 0 20, 0 0), (10 10, 10 11, 11 11, 11 10, 10 10), (5 5, 5 7, 7 7, 7 5, 5 5)), ((80 80, 100 80, 100 100, 80 100, 80 80)), ((110 110, 150 110, 150 150, 110 150, 110 110)))
CURVEPOLYGON (COMPOUNDCURVE ((0 -23.43778, 0 23.43778), CIRCULARSTRING (0 23.43778, -45 23.43778, -90 23.43778), (-90 23.43778, -90 -23.43778), CIRCULARSTRING (-90 -23.43778, -45 -23.43778, 0 -23.43778)))
  1. -- These should extract only the polygons within the GeometryCollection
  2. -- (The second is wrapped as a GeometryCollection as a MultiPolygon cannot be constructed that includes a CurvePolygon
  3. --
  4. SELECT dbo.STExtractPolygon(geometry::STGeomFromText('GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(LINESTRING(0 0,20 0,20 20,0 20,0 0),
  5.                                                                         CURVEPOLYGON(COMPOUNDCURVE((0 -23.43778, 0 23.43778),CIRCULARSTRING(0 23.43778, -45 23.43778, -90 23.43778),(-90 23.43778, -90 -23.43778),CIRCULARSTRING(-90 -23.43778, -45 -23.43778, 0 -23.43778))),
  6.                                      COMPOUNDCURVE(CIRCULARSTRING(-90 -23.43778, -45 -23.43778, 0 -23.43778), (0 -23.43778, 0 23.43778)))',0)).STAsText() AS ePoly UNION ALL
  7. SELECT dbo.STExtractPolygon(geometry::STGeomFromText('GEOMETRYCOLLECTION(CURVEPOLYGON(COMPOUNDCURVE((0 -23.43778, 0 23.43778),CIRCULARSTRING(0 23.43778, -45 23.43778, -90 23.43778),(-90 23.43778, -90 -23.43778),CIRCULARSTRING(-90 -23.43778, -45 -23.43778, 0 -23.43778))), POLYGON ((100 200, 180.00 300.00, 100 300, 100 200)), LINESTRING (100 200, 100 75), POINT (100 0))',0)).STAsText() AS ePoly;

As they do…

ePoly
CURVEPOLYGON (COMPOUNDCURVE ((0 -23.43778, 0 23.43778), CIRCULARSTRING (0 23.43778, -45 23.43778, -90 23.43778), (-90 23.43778, -90 -23.43778), CIRCULARSTRING (-90 -23.43778, -45 -23.43778, 0 -23.43778)))
GEOMETRYCOLLECTION (CURVEPOLYGON (COMPOUNDCURVE ((0 -23.43778, 0 23.43778), CIRCULARSTRING (0 23.43778, -45 23.43778, -90 23.43778), (-90 23.43778, -90 -23.43778), CIRCULARSTRING (-90 -23.43778, -45 -23.43778, 0 -23.43778))), POLYGON ((100 200, 180 300, 100 300, 100 200)))

Now, test the intersection between two polygons.

  1. -- First, show the polygons
  2. --
  3. SELECT geometry::STGeomFromText('POLYGON ((100.0 0.0, 400.0 0.0, 400.0 480.0, 160.0 480.0, 160.0 400.0, 240.0 400.0,240.0 300.0, 100.0 300.0, 100.0 0.0))',0) AS geom
  4. UNION ALL
  5. SELECT geometry::STGeomFromText('POLYGON ((-175.0 0.0, 100.0 0.0, 0.0 75.0, 100.0 75.0, 100.0 200.0, 200.0 325.0, 200.0 525.0, -175.0 525.0, -175.0 0.0))',0) AS geom;

Which look like this:

  1. -- Do the intersection and show the result as WKT
  2. --
  3. SELECT a.geom.STIntersection(b.geom).STAsText() AS intersectionWKT
  4.   FROM (SELECT geometry::STGeomFromText('POLYGON ((100.0 0.0, 400.0 0.0, 400.0 480.0, 160.0 480.0, 160.0 400.0, 240.0 400.0,240.0 300.0, 100.0 300.0, 100.0 0.0))',0) AS geom) a,
  5.        (SELECT geometry::STGeomFromText('POLYGON ((-175.0 0.0, 100.0 0.0, 0.0 75.0, 100.0 75.0, 100.0 200.0, 200.0 325.0, 200.0 525.0, -175.0 525.0, -175.0 0.0))',0) AS geom) b;

Note the non-polygon elements.

intersectionWKT
GEOMETRYCOLLECTION (POLYGON ((160 400, 200.00000000000088 400.00000000000045, 200.00000000000088 480.00000000000017, 160 480, 160 400)), POLYGON ((100 200, 180.00000000000119 300.0000000000008, 100 300, 100 200)), LINESTRING (100 200, 100 75), POINT (100 0))

Using STExtract we can “explode” the GeometryCollection into its components for easier viewing.

  1. SELECT d.gid, d.sid, d.geom.STAsText() AS geom
  2.   FROM (SELECT a.geom.STIntersection(b.geom) AS geom
  3.           FROM (SELECT geometry::STGeomFromText('POLYGON ((100.0 0.0, 400.0 0.0, 400.0 480.0, 160.0 480.0, 160.0 400.0, 240.0 400.0,240.0 300.0, 100.0 300.0, 100.0 0.0))',0) AS geom) a,
  4.                (SELECT geometry::STGeomFromText('POLYGON ((-175.0 0.0, 100.0 0.0, 0.0 75.0, 100.0 75.0, 100.0 200.0, 200.0 325.0, 200.0 525.0, -175.0 525.0, -175.0 0.0))',0) AS geom) b
  5.      ) c
  6.      CROSS apply
  7.      dbo.STExtract(c.geom,1) AS d;

Which looks like this:

gid sid geom
1 1 POLYGON ((160 400, 200.00000000000088 400.00000000000045, 200.00000000000088 480.00000000000017, 160 480, 160 400))
2 1 POLYGON ((100 200, 180.00000000000119 300.0000000000008, 100 300, 100 200))
3 0 LINESTRING (100 200, 100 75)
4 0 POINT (100 0)

Visually…..

Now, using our new STExtractPolygon function we can extract just the polygon intersection elements.

  1. SELECT dbo.STExtractPolygon(a.geom.STIntersection(b.geom)).STAsText() AS geom
  2.   FROM (SELECT geometry::STGeomFromText('POLYGON ((100.0 0.0, 400.0 0.0, 400.0 480.0, 160.0 480.0, 160.0 400.0, 240.0 400.0,240.0 300.0, 100.0 300.0, 100.0 0.0))',0) AS geom) a,
  3.        (SELECT geometry::STGeomFromText('POLYGON ((-175.0 0.0, 100.0 0.0, 0.0 75.0, 100.0 75.0, 100.0 200.0, 200.0 325.0, 200.0 525.0, -175.0 525.0, -175.0 0.0))',0) AS geom) b;

Which, looks like:

geom
MULTIPOLYGON (((160 400, 200.00000000000088 400.00000000000045, 200.00000000000088 480.00000000000017, 160 480, 160 400)), ((100 200, 180.00000000000119 300.0000000000008, 100 300, 100 200)))

Showing the result visually:

  1. SELECT geometry::STGeomFromText('POLYGON ((100.0 0.0, 400.0 0.0, 400.0 480.0, 160.0 480.0, 160.0 400.0, 240.0 400.0,240.0 300.0, 100.0 300.0, 100.0 0.0))',0) AS geom
  2. UNION ALL
  3. SELECT geometry::STGeomFromText('POLYGON ((-175.0 0.0, 100.0 0.0, 0.0 75.0, 100.0 75.0, 100.0 200.0, 200.0 325.0, 200.0 525.0, -175.0 525.0, -175.0 0.0))',0) AS geom
  4. UNION ALL
  5. SELECT dbo.STExtractPolygon(a.geom.STIntersection(b.geom)) AS geom
  6.   FROM (SELECT geometry::STGeomFromText('POLYGON ((100.0 0.0, 400.0 0.0, 400.0 480.0, 160.0 480.0, 160.0 400.0, 240.0 400.0,240.0 300.0, 100.0 300.0, 100.0 0.0))',0) AS geom) a,
  7.        (SELECT geometry::STGeomFromText('POLYGON ((-175.0 0.0, 100.0 0.0, 0.0 75.0, 100.0 75.0, 100.0 200.0, 200.0 325.0, 200.0 525.0, -175.0 525.0, -175.0 0.0))',0) AS geom) b;

results in….

I hope this is of use to someone.

Creative Commons License

post this at del.icio.uspost this at Diggpost this at Technoratipost this at Redditpost this at Farkpost this at Yahoo! my webpost this at Windows Livepost this at Google Bookmarkspost this to Twitter

Comment [1]

This problem applies to SQL Server Spatial users are the following example will show.

— Anonymous · 1 March 2012, 07:52 · #